Tag Archives: Ostracism

Ostracism & social exclusion

Ostracism (Greek: ὀστρακισμός, ostrakismos) was an Athenian democratic procedure in which any citizen could be expelled from the city-state of Athens for ten years. While some instances clearly expressed popular anger at the citizen, ostracism was often used preemptively. It was used as a way of neutralizing someone thought to be a threat to the state or potential tyrant though in many cases popular opinion often informed the choice regardless. The word “ostracism” continues to be used for various cases of social shunning.

Ostracism in the context of computer networks (such as the Internet) is termed “cyberostracism”. In email communication, in particular, it is relatively easy to engage in silent treatment, in the form of “unanswered emails” or “ignored emails”. Being ostracised on social media is seen to be threatening to the fundamental human needs of belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence. Cyber-rejection (receiving “dislikes”) caused more threat to the need of belonging and self-esteem, and lead to social withdrawal.[30] Cyber-ostracism (being ignored or receiving fewer “likes”) conversely lead to more prosocial behavior, Ostracism is thought to be associated with social media disorder.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostracism


Sebastian, C., Viding, E., Williams, K. D., & Blakemore, S. J.. (2010). Social brain development and the affective consequences of ostracism in adolescence. Brain and Cognition

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.008
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ONODA, K.. (2010). Why mind feels pain: Current status of studies on ostracism from social neuroscience. Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.5674/jjppp.28.29
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Platt, B., Kadosh, K. C., & Lau, J. Y. F.. (2013). The role of peer rejection in adolescent depression. Depression and Anxiety

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1002/da.22120
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Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T.. (2012). Decoding the invisible forces of social connections. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience

Plain numerical DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2012.00051
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Deckman, T., DeWall, C. N., Way, B., Gilman, R., & Richman, S.. (2014). Can Marijuana Reduce Social Pain?. Social Psychological and Personality Science

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1177/1948550613488949
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Karos, K.. (2018). On the overlap between physical and social pain. In Social and Interpersonal Dynamics in Pain: We Don’t Suffer Alone

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-78340-6_9
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Gutz, L., Küpper, C., Renneberg, B., & Niedeggen, M.. (2011). Processing social participation: An event-related brain potential study. NeuroReport

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283476b67
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Cacioppo, S., & Cacioppo, J. T.. (2016). Research in social neuroscience: How perceived social isolation, ostracism, and romantic rejection affect our brain. In Social Exclusion: Psychological Approaches to Understanding and Reducing Its Impact

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33033-4_4
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Williams, K. D., & Nida, S. A.. (2016). Ostracism, exclusion, and rejection. Ostracism, Exclusion, and Rejection

Plain numerical DOI: 10.4324/9781315308470
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Russell, M.. (2014). Parliamentary party cohesion: Some explanations from psychology. Party Politics

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1177/1354068812453367
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Riva, P., & Eck, J.. (2016). Social exclusion: Psychological approaches to understanding and reducing its impact. Social Exclusion: Psychological Approaches to Understanding and Reducing Its Impact

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33033-4
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Russell, M.. (2014). Parliamentary party cohesion. Party Politics

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1177/1354068812453367
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McPartland, J. C., Crowley, M. J., Perszyk, D. R., Naples, A. J., Mukerji, C. E., Wu, J., … Mayes, L. C.. (2011). Temporal dynamics reveal atypical brain response to social exclusion in autism. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.02.003
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Mavromihelaki, E., Eccles, J., Harrison, N., Grice-Jackson, T., Ward, J., Critchley, H., & Mania, K.. (2014). Cyberball3D+: A 3D serious game for fMRI investigating social exclusion and empathy. In 2014 6th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications, VS-GAMES 2014

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1109/VS-Games.2014.7012032
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Sunami, N.. (2015). Lonely brain: An ERP study on attentional bias to aggressive words following ostracism. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses
Crowley, M. J., Wu, J., McCarty, E. R., David, D. H., Bailey, C. A., & Mayes, L. C.. (2009). Exclusion and micro-rejection: Event-related potential response predicts mitigated distress. NeuroReport

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1097/WNR.0b013e328330377a
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Maurage, P., Joassin, F., Philippot, P., Heeren, A., Vermeulen, N., Mahau, P., … De Timary, P.. (2012). Disrupted regulation of social exclusion in alcohol-dependence: An fmri study. Neuropsychopharmacology

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.54
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Sturgeon, J. A., & Zautra, A. J.. (2016). Pain Management Social pain and physical pain: shared paths to resilience Overlap of physical & social pain. Pain Manag
Chester, D., & Riva, P.. (2016). Brain mechanisms to regulate negative reactions to social exclusion. In Social Exclusion: Psychological Approaches to Understanding and Reducing Its Impact

Plain numerical DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33033-4_12
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Weir, K.. (2012). The pain of social rejection. Monitor on Psychology

The conspiracy theory meme as a tool of cultural hegemony: A critical discourse analysis

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322682499_The_conspiracy_theory_meme_as_a_tool_of_cultural_hegemony_A_critical_discourse_analysis

Rankin Jr., J. E.. (2018). The conspiracy theory meme as a tool of cultural hegemony: A critical discourse analysis. Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering

Abstract (Summary)

Those rejecting the official accounts of significant suspicious and impactful events are often labeled conspiracy theorists and the alternative explanations they propose are often referred to as conspiracy theories. These labels are often used to dismiss the beliefs of those individuals who question potentially hegemonic control of what people believe. The conspiracy theory concept functions as an impediment to legitimate discursive examination of conspiracy suspicions. The effect of the label appears to constrain even the most respected thinkers. This impediment is particularly problematic in academia, where thorough, objective analysis of information is critical to uncovering truth, and where members of the academy are typically considered among the most important of epistemic authorities. This dissertation tracked the development and use of such terms as pejoratives used to shut down critical thinking, analysis, and challenges to authority. This was accomplished using critical discourse analysis as a research methodology. Evidence suggesting government agents were instrumental in creating the pejorative meme conspiracy theorist was found in contemporary media. Tracing the evolution of the conspiracy theory meme and its use as a pejorative silencer may heighten awareness of its use in this manner and diminish its impact.